Blood is made up of 3 primary types of cells called Red blood cells, White blood cells and Platelets. While the red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to various parts of the body, the white blood cells central role is in fighting infections. Platelet cells primary function is to control bleeding.
All the blood cells in the body are produced in the bone marrow, and when there is a malfunction in the bone marrow, it leads to impaired production of blood cells. So leukemia is essentially a cancer of the bone marrow leading to impaired production of various blood cell lines.
Depending on the rapidity of development and the type of blood cell involved, leukaemia is broadly classified into:
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The most common reasons to suspect leukemia in a person include excessive fatigue, frequent fevers and infections, unprovoked bleeding episodes and unintentional weight loss.
The first clue to suspect leukemia on a blood test is any abnormality in the haemoglobin, WBC count or platelet counts. The primary confirmatory test would be a bone marrow study. In a majority of patients with leukaemia, a primary genetic abnormality can be found. This genetic abnormality is detected utilising molecular diagnostic tools like Fluorescent in-situ Hybridisation (FISH) and conventional karyotyping.
Treatment for leukemia depends on the exact sub-type. Patients with acute leukemias need urgent evaluation and treatment as this is a rapidly progressing disease. Once the diagnosis is established, patients will require intensive chemotherapy combinations to achieve remission. In some instances, depending on the genetic abnormalities, a bone marrow transplant may be recommended to maintain remission.
Chronic leukemia, by definition, develops over a matter of months to years, and in these conditions, the role of conventional chemotherapy has diminished considerably. State of the art treatment modalities like targeted therapies have revolutionised cancer treatment, and this can be seen particularly in the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Oral targeted medications directed at the particular genetic abnormality in CML have ensured that this condition is transformed into any chronic disease like hypertension. Here a simple tablet can bring about disease control and enable the patient to have a regular day to day life.
Cancer Therapy India has the best hospital for blood cancer treatment in Bangalore. Our comprehensive team provides blood cancer treatment in Bangalore by using the latest and cutting-edge diagnostic techniques as well as their wide knowledge to diagnose a number of blood cancer issues.
